Work and Mental Distress among Nurses in the Amazon Region of Brazil during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and the social, clinical, and occupational profile of nurses in the Amazon region of Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional online study was conducted in 2020 with 261 nurses. The Symptom Assessment Scale-40 was utilized. RESULTS: The presence of pre-existing conditions before the pandemic was associated with psychotism (p=0.044). Experiencing constraints and/or violence at work during the pandemic was associated with somatization (p=0.025), and working hours were associated with anxiety (p=0.025). Nurses predominantly exhibited symptoms related to fear (33.7%), tension (34.5%), and a sense that something is wrong in the mind (22.6%). CONCLUSIONS: A significant association was observed between working hours and anxiety symptoms, the experience of constraints and/or violence at work during the COVID-19 pandemic and somatization symptoms, as well as between pre-existing conditions and psychotism symptoms related to COVID-19.

Prevalencia y correlatos de ideación suicida pasiva y activa en ingresantes de posgrado / Prevalence and correlates of passive and active suicidal ideation among students entering graduate courses / Prevalência e correlatos de ideação suicida passiva e ativa em ingressantes da pós-graduação

Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la ideación suicida pasiva y activa a lo largo de la vida en estudiantes ingresantes de posgrado. Método: estudio analítico y de diseño transversal, con una muestra compuesta por 321 estudiantes ingresantes de posgrado. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial múltiple. Resultados: los análisis multivariados indican que la ideación suicida pasiva y activa tuvieron una prevalencia mayor y similar en los estudiantes de orientación sexual minoritaria, del sexo femenino, que realizaban actividad física diaria ≤ 30 minutos/día y sufrieron victimización por violencia psicológica en los últimos 12 meses. Los factores abuso de alcohol, las exigencias del posgrado stricto sensu no afectaron las relaciones familiares y baja autoestima se asociaron solo con la ideación suicida pasiva. A su vez, el consumo de marihuana en los últimos 30 días, no tener una buena relación interpersonal con sus pares académicos, ejercer la actividad profesional junto con las exigencias del posgrado se asociaron únicamente con ideación suicida activa. Conclusión: se identificó una alta prevalencia de ideación suicida pasiva y activa a lo largo de la vida en los estudiantes ingresantes de posgrado y se comprobó que hubo similitudes y diferencias entre algunos de los factores asociados a ambos resultados.

Objective: to identify the prevalence and factors associated with passive and active suicidal ideation throughout life among students entering graduate courses. Method: an analytical and cross-sectional study with a sample comprised of 321 students entering graduate courses. Multiple descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed. Results: the multivariate analyses indicated that passive and active suicidal ideation were similarly more prevalent among female students belonging to minority sexual orientations who engaged in daily physical activity ≤ 30 minutes/day and were victims of psychological violence in the past 12 months. Alcohol abuse, family relationships not impaired due to the demands imposed by stricto sensu graduate studies and low self-esteem were only associated with passive suicidal ideation. In turn, recent marijuana use in the last 30 days, poor interpersonal relationships with academic peers, and engagement in professional activities concomitantly with the demands imposed by graduate studies were only associated with active suicidal ideation. Conclusion: high prevalence of lifetime passive and active suicidal ideation was identified among graduate students, and similarities and differences were verified between some associated factors for both outcomes.

Objetivo: identificar a prevalência e fatores associados à ideação suicida passiva e ativa ao longo da vida em estudantes ingressantes na pós-graduação. Método: estudo analítico e de delineamento transversal, amostra composta por 321 estudantes ingressantes da pós-graduação. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva e inferencial múltipla. Resultados: análises multivariadas apontaram que ideação suicida passiva e ativa foram similarmente mais prevalentes entre estudantes de orientações sexuais minoritárias, do sexo feminino, que realizavam atividade física diária ≤ 30 minutos/dia e sofreram vitimização por violência psicológica nos últimos 12 meses. O abuso de álcool, o não prejuízo no relacionamento familiar por demandas da pós-graduação stricto sensu e a baixa autoestima foram associadas unicamente com ideação suicida passiva. Por sua vez, o consumo de maconha ocorrido nos últimos 30 dias, a falta de um relacionamento interpessoal satisfatório com seus pares acadêmicos e a prática da atividade profissional em concomitância com as demandas da pósgraduação foram associadas apenas com ideação suicida ativa. Conclusão: identificou-se alta prevalência de ideação suicida passiva e ativa ao longo da vida entre estudantes ingressantes na pós-graduação e verificou-se a ocorrência de similitudes e diferenças entre alguns fatores associados para ambos os desfechos.

Prevalence and correlates of passive and active suicidal ideation among students entering graduate courses. / Prevalencia y correlatos de ideación suicida pasiva y activa en ingresantes de posgrado.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the prevalence and factors associated with passive and active suicidal ideation throughout life among students entering graduate courses. METHOD: an analytical and cross-sectional study with a sample comprised of 321 students entering graduate courses. Multiple descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: the multivariate analyses indicated that passive and active suicidal ideation were similarly more prevalent among female students belonging to minority sexual orientations who engaged in daily physical activity ≤ 30 minutes/day and were victims of psychological violence in the past 12 months. Alcohol abuse, family relationships not impaired due to the demands imposed by stricto sensu graduate studies and low self-esteem were only associated with passive suicidal ideation. In turn, recent marijuana use in the last 30 days, poor interpersonal relationships with academic peers, and engagement in professional activities concomitantly with the demands imposed by graduate studies were only associated with active suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION: high prevalence of lifetime passive and active suicidal ideation was identified among graduate students, and similarities and differences were verified between some associated factors for both outcomes.

Work and Mental Distress among Nurses in the Amazon Region of Brazil during the COVID-19 Pandemic / Trabajo y malestar mental entre las enfermeras en la región amazónica de Brasil durante la pandemia de COVID-19 / Trabalho e sofrimento mental dos enfermeiros da Região Amazônica do Brasil durante a pandemia de COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and the social, clinical, and occupational profile of nurses in the Amazon region of Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional online study was conducted in 2020 with 261 nurses. The Symptom Assessment Scale-40 was utilized. Results: The presence of pre-existing conditions before the pandemic was associated with psychotism (p=0.044). Experiencing constraints and/or violence at work during the pandemic was associated with somatization (p=0.025), and working hours were associated with anxiety (p=0.025). Nurses predominantly exhibited symptoms related to fear (33.7%), tension (34.5%), and a sense that something is wrong in the mind (22.6%). Conclusions: A significant association was observed between working hours and anxiety symptoms, the experience of constraints and/or violence at work during the COVID-19 pandemic and somatization symptoms, as well as between pre-existing conditions and psychotism symptoms related to COVID-19.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre los síntomas psicopatológicos y el perfil social, clínico y ocupacional de las enfermeras en la región amazónica de Brasil durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal en línea en 2020 con la participación de 261 enfermeras. Se utilizó la Escala de Evaluación de Síntomas-40. Resultados: Se encontró una asociación significativa entre la presencia de condiciones preexistentes antes de la pandemia y el psicoticismo (p=0,044). Experimentar restricciones y/o violencia en el trabajo durante la pandemia se asoció con la somatización (p=0,025), y las horas de trabajo se relacionaron con la ansiedad (p=0,025). En general, las enfermeras presentaron predominantemente síntomas relacionados con el miedo (33,7%), la tensión (34,5%) y la sensación de que algo no está bien en la mente (22,6%). Conclusiones: Se observó una asociación significativa entre las horas de trabajo y los síntomas de ansiedad, así como entre la experiencia de restricciones y/o violencia laboral durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y los síntomas de somatización. Además, se encontró una asociación entre las condiciones preexistentes y los síntomas de psicoticismo relacionados con COVID-19.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre sintomas psicopatológicos e o perfil social, clínico e laboral dos enfermeiros da região Amazônica do Brasil durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo de corte transversal online com 261 enfermeiros em 2020. Utilizou-se a Escala de Avaliação de Sintomas-40. Resultados: A presença de doenças preexistentes à pandemia associou-se ao psicoticismo (p=0,044). Ter sofrido constrangimentos e/ou violências no trabalho durante a pandemia associou-se à somatização (p=0,025), e a carga horária de trabalho associou-se à ansiedade (p=0,025). Os enfermeiros manifestaram principalmente sintomas relacionados ao medo (33,7%), tensão (34,5%) e sensação de que algo está errado na mente (22,6%). Conclusões: Foi observada uma associação significativa entre a carga horária de trabalho e sintomas de ansiedade, o sofrimento de constrangimentos e/ou violências durante o trabalho no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19 e sintomas de somatização, bem como entre doenças preexistentes à COVID-19 e sintomas de psicoticismo.

COVID-19 and the Mental Health of Nursing Professionals in Brazil: Associations between Social and Clinical Contexts and Psychopathological Symptoms.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an important negative psychological impact on people worldwide, especially nursing professionals who seem to be more vulnerable to the development of psychopathological symptoms. Objective: To analyze relationships between variables from the social and clinical contexts with psychopathological symptoms in nursing professionals from different geographic regions of Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with 1737 nursing professionals from the five regions of Brazil. Data collection was carried out online with a questionnaire made available via Google Forms containing sociodemographic, occupational, and clinical questions, and the Symptom Assessment Scale-40-R, for the assessment of psychopathological symptoms. Differences between mean scores for the severity of psychopathological symptoms were assessed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskall-Wallis tests. Results: There was a significant difference in the psychoticism domain scores according to Brazilian geographic region, with greater severity among professionals from the North and Northeast regions when compared with those from the South region. Social context variables (gender, age group, and marital status) and clinical variables (psychological and psychiatric follow-up; psychological or emotional support by the institution; family member, friend, neighbor, or co-worker with COVID-19, and death among them; use of psychiatric medication without a medical prescription; and taking steps to take care of their mental health) were significantly related to psychopathological symptoms. Conclusions: The results point to the importance of mental health promotion strategies for professionals through psychological or emotional support, as evidence indicates that this support can be a predictor of reduced psychological distress.

Psychopathological symptoms and work status of Southeastern Brazilian nursing in the context of COVID-19. / Sintomas psicopatológicos e situação laboral da enfermagem do Sudeste brasileiro no contexto da COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and the work situation of nursing professionals in the Southeast Region, Brazil, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: an observational and cross-sectional study with virtual and snowball data collection from April to July 2020. A questionnaire containing socio-demographic and labor data and the psychopathological symptoms assessment scale (psychoticism, obsessiveness/compulsivity, somatization, and anxiety) were applied. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: among the 532 participants, there was a relationship between weekly workload and psychoticism. All domains of the scale were associated with embarrassment and/or violence in the course of work and receiving psychological/emotional support from the institution where the individual works/studies. CONCLUSION: the age group, heavy workload, experienced violence and lack of psychological support during the pandemic were associated with increased psychopathological symptoms among nursing professionals. It is suggested the creation of institutional guidelines aimed at the reception and follow-up of these demands.

Repercussões vivenciadas por profissionais de saúde atendidos com Práticas Integrativas e Complementares durante a pandemia / Repercussions experienced by health professionals working with Integrative and Complementary Practices during the pandemic

RESUMO Objetivo analisar as repercussões vivenciadas por profissionais de saúde que foram atendidos com a utilização de práticas integrativas e complementares durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos estudo qualitativo cujos dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas, as quais foram transcritas e submetidas a análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados participaram 12 profissionais de saúde do sexo feminino que apontaram a importância da inclusão das práticas integrativas e complementares no fortalecimento do bem-estar dos profissionais de saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde e a relevância da oferta destes atendimentos no cenário pandêmico, pois as ajudou no enfrentamento do estresse, insônia, cansaço mental e ansiedade. Emergiram duas categorias: Sensação de valorização, acolhimento, reconhecimento e cuidado e Repercussões na saúde emocional e física das trabalhadoras. Conclusão os dados demonstraram as repercussões positivas das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares desenvolvidas pelos profissionais de saúde, demonstrando a potencialidade dessas práticas na promoção da saúde mental. Contribuições para a prática a implementação de ações com o uso das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares pelos gestores se constitui em forma de cuidado pelo profissional de saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde, pois estas resultam em qualidade de vida, promoção e restabelecimento da saúde física e mental dos indivíduos atendidos.

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the repercussions experienced by health professionals who were assisted with the use of integrative and complementary practices during the pandemic of COVID-19. Methods qualitative study whose data were collected through interviews, which were transcribed and submitted to thematic content analysis. Results 12 female health professionals participated and pointed out the importance of the inclusion of integrative and complementary practices in strengthening the well-being of health professionals in the Unified Health System and the relevance of offering these services in the pandemic scenario, as it helped them face stress, insomnia, mental fatigue, and anxiety. Two categories emerged: Sensation of valorization, welcoming, recognition and care, and Repercussions on the emotional and physical health of the workers. Conclusion the data showed the positive repercussions of Integrative and Complementary Practices developed by health professionals, demonstrating the potentiality of these practices in promoting mental health. Contributions to practice the implementation of actions with the use of Integrative and Complementary Practices by managers constitutes a form of care by health professionals in the Unified Health System, as these result in quality of life, promotion, and restoration of physical and mental health of the individuals assisted.

Social determinants of health that permeate the mental suffering of children on the french-brazilian border / Determinantes sociales de la salud que permiten el sufrimiento mental de los niños en la frontera franco-brasileña / Determinantes sociais de saúde que permeiam o sofrimento mental de crianças na fronteira franco-brasileira

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the determinants involved in the mental suffering of schoolchildren on the French-Brazilian border. Methods: a qualitative study was conducted with children from 6 to 12 years of age from four State schools in the municipality of Oiapoque, located on the French-Brazilian border. The data were obtained through interviews, analyzed by the IRAMUTEQ software, and interpreted in the light of the Dahlgren and Whitehead's social determinants of health model. Results: data indicate that the mental suffering experienced by children, especially characterized by anxious symptoms, such as concern of becoming fat and worries, were permeated by social situations that children went through daily, such as family abandonment, domestic violence, and bullying. Final Considerations: social determinants can be predictors of mental suffering in children, especially in environments of extreme vulnerability, such as the border, in a context of financial difficulties, domestic violence, and absence of parenting.

RESUMEN Objetivos: comprender los determinantes involucrados en el sufrimiento mental de los escolares de la frontera franco-brasileña. Métodos: estudio cualitativo realizado con niños de 6 a 12 años de cuatro escuelas públicas del municipio de Oiapoque, ubicadas en la frontera franco-brasileña. Los datos fueron obtenidos a través de entrevistas, analizados por el software IRAMUTEQ e interpretados a la luz del modelo de determinantes sociales de la salud de Dahlgren y Whitehead. Resultados: los datos muestran que el sufrimiento mental experimentado por los niños, especialmente caracterizado por síntomas ansiosos, como el miedo a engordar y la preocupación, estuvo permeado por situaciones sociales por las que atravesaron los niños en su vida diaria, como el abandono familiar, la violencia doméstica y intimidación. Consideraciones Finales: los determinantes sociales pueden ser predictores de sufrimiento mental en los niños, especialmente en entornos de extrema vulnerabilidad, como el de frontera, en un contexto de dificultades económicas, violencia doméstica y ausencia de paternidad.

RESUMO Objetivos: compreender os determinantes envolvidos no sofrimento mental de crianças escolares na fronteira franco-brasileira. Métodos: estudo qualitativo realizado com crianças de 6 a 12 anos, de quatro escolas estaduais do município de Oiapoque, localizadas na fronteira franco-brasileira. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas, analisados pelo software IRAMUTEQ e interpretados à luz do modelo de determinantes sociais da saúde de Dahlgren e Whitehead. Resultados: os dados apontam que o sofrimento mental vivenciado pelas crianças, especialmente caracterizado por sintomas ansiosos, como medo de ficar gordo e preocupação, eram permeados por situações sociais pelas quais as crianças passavam no dia a dia, como abandono familiar, violência doméstica e bullying. Considerações Finais: os determinantes sociais podem ser preditores do sofrimento mental em crianças, sobretudo em ambientes de extrema vulnerabilidade, como o de fronteira, em que permeiam situações relacionadas a dificuldades financeiras, violência doméstica e ausência de parentalidade.

Sintomas psicopatológicos e situação laboral da enfermagem do Sudeste brasileiro no contexto da COVID-19 / Psychopathological symptoms and work status of Southeastern Brazilian nursing in the context of COVID-19 / Síntomas psicopatológicos y situación laboral de la enfermería del Sureste brasileño en el contexto de la COVID-19

Resumo Objetivo avaliar a relação entre sintomas psicopatológicos e a situação laboral de profissionais de enfermagem da Região Sudeste do Brasil, no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Método estudo observacional e transversal com coleta de dados virtual e por meio de snowball nos meses de abril a julho de 2020. Aplicou-se um questionário contendo dados sociodemográficos, laborais e a escala de avaliação de sintomas psicopatológicos (psicoticismo, obsessividade/compulsividade, somatização e ansiedade). Foram utilizadas estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais para a análise dos dados. Resultados entre os 532 participantes, verificou-se relação entre carga horária de trabalho semanal e psicoticismo. Todos os domínios da escala associaram-se ao constrangimento e/ou violência no percurso de trabalho e recebimento de suporte psicológico/emocional da instituição onde o indivíduo trabalha/estuda. Conclusão a faixa etária, carga horária elevada, violência vivenciada e falta de suporte psicológico durante a pandemia associaram-se com o aumento dos sintomas psicopatológicos entre os profissionais de enfermagem. Sugere-se a criação de diretrizes institucionais voltadas ao acolhimento e acompanhamento dessas demandas.

Abstract Objective to evaluate the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and the work situation of nursing professionals in the Southeast Region, Brazil, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method an observational and cross-sectional study with virtual and snowball data collection from April to July 2020. A questionnaire containing socio-demographic and labor data and the psychopathological symptoms assessment scale (psychoticism, obsessiveness/compulsivity, somatization, and anxiety) were applied. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results among the 532 participants, there was a relationship between weekly workload and psychoticism. All domains of the scale were associated with embarrassment and/or violence in the course of work and receiving psychological/emotional support from the institution where the individual works/studies. Conclusion the age group, heavy workload, experienced violence and lack of psychological support during the pandemic were associated with increased psychopathological symptoms among nursing professionals. It is suggested the creation of institutional guidelines aimed at the reception and follow-up of these demands.

Resumen Objetivo evaluar la relación entre síntomas psicopatológicos y la situación laboral de profesionales de enfermería de la Región Sureste de Brasil, en el contexto de la pandemia de la COVID-19. Método estudio observacional y transversal con recolección de datos virtual y por medio de snowball en los meses de abril a julio de 2020. Se aplicó un cuestionario que contenía datos sociodemográficos, laborales y la escala de evaluación de síntomas psicopatológicos (psicoticismo, obsesión/compulsión, somatización y ansiedad). Fueron utilizadas estadísticas descriptivas y de inferencia para el análisis de los datos. Resultados entre los 532 participantes, se verificó una relación entre la carga horaria de trabajo semanal y el psicoticismo. Todos los dominios de la escala se asociaron con incomodidad y/o violencia, en el transcurso del trabajo y el recibimiento de soporte psicológico/emocional de la institución, en donde el individuo trabaja/estudia. Conclusión el intervalo etario, la carga horaria elevada, la violencia experimentada y la falta de soporte psicológico, durante la pandemia se asociaron con el aumento de los síntomas psicopatológicos entre los profesionales de enfermería. Se sugiere la creación de directrices institucionales dirigidas al acogimiento y acompañamiento de esas demandas.

Centro de Atenção Psicossocial: cotidiano de trabalho e articulação com a rede na pandemia / Psychosocial Care Center: daily work and articulation with the network in the pandemic

Objetivo: analisar o cotidiano do trabalho de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial e sua articulação com a Rede de Aten-ção Psicossocial no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, produzido por meio do diário do pesquisador e entrevistas semiestruturadas com nove profissionais de saúde, submetidas à análise de conteúdo temático-categorial. Resultados: a pandemia revelou falhas na gestão dos serviços, falta de investimentos públicos e o despreparo dos profissionais, intensificando a fragmentação do trabalho, a desarticulação da rede, a desassistência e as práticas manicomiais pré-existentes. Conclusão: a realidade do cotidiano de trabalho dos serviços de atenção psicossocial mostra que são necessárias ações multifacetadas que considerem o processo social complexo da reforma psiquiátrica, especialmente, na pandemia, buscando a efetiva institucionalização do modelo de atenção psicossocial e a formação de núcleos de resistência ao modelo manicomial instituído. (AU)

A experiência de se elaborar uma tecnologia cuidativo-educacional à luz da Teoria das Transições / The experience of developing a care-educational technology in the light of the Theory of Transitions / La experiencia de desarrollar una tecnología educativa sobre el cuidado a la luz de la Teoría de las Transiciones

Objetivo: relatar a experiência da primeira fase da elaboração de uma tecnologia cuidativo-educacional (TCE) para a promoção da saúde mental infantil. Método: relato de experiência, sobre a primeira fase da elaboração de um manual à luz da Teoria das Transições de Meleis e do Modelo de Inteligência Emocional de Goleman. Resultados: o manual foi elaborado considerando a infância como um período de natureza desenvolvimental, tendo como facilitadores a escola e as características emocionais positivas da criança, podendo ser inibida por fatores relacionados ao contexto social negativo. Em relação ao padrão de resposta, obteve-se um padrão de resposta emocional positivo da criança, por meio da promoção da saúde mental, a partir do fortalecimento das competências emocionais das crianças. Conclusão: a escolha da Teoria promove a comunicação de forma efetiva e a utilização do Modelo de Inteligência Emocional de Goleman possibilita que a TCE obtenha compreensão, multiplicação e execução.

Objective: to report the experience of the first phase of the development of a care-educational technology for the promotion of children's mental health. Method: this is an experience report about the first phase of the elaboration of a manual in the light of Meleis' Transitions Theory and Goleman's Emotional Intelligence Model. Results: the manual should be prepared considering childhood as a period of a developmental nature, having as facilitators the school and the child's positive emotional characteristics, which may be inhibited by factors related to the negative social context. Regarding the pattern of response, it was expected that the manual would seek a pattern of positive emotional response from the child, through the promotion of mental health, from the strengthening of children's emotional skills. Conclusion: the choice of Theory promotes effective communication and the use of Goleman's Emotional Intelligence Model enables the manual to obtain understanding, multiplication and execution.

Objetivo: reportar la experiencia de la primera fase de la preparación de una tecnología educativa sobre el cuidado para la promoción de la salud mental infantil. Método: se trata de un relato de experiencia sobre la primera fase de la elaboración de un manual a la luz de la Teoría de las Transiciones de Meleis y del Modelo de Inteligencia Emocional de Goleman. Resultados: el guía debe ser preparado considerando la infancia como un período de carácter de desarrollo, teniendo como facilitadores la escuela y las características emocionales positivas del niño, que pueden ser inhibidas por factores relacionados con el contexto social negativo. En cuanto al patrón de respuesta, se esperaba que el guía buscara un patrón de respuesta emocional positiva del niño, mediante la promoción de la salud mental, a partir del fortalecimiento de las habilidades emocionales de los niños. Conclusión: la elección de la Teoría promueve la comunicación efectiva y el uso del Modelo de Inteligencia Emocional de Goleman posibilita que el manual obtenga comprensión, multiplicación y ejecución.

Social determinants of health that permeate the mental suffering of children on the french-brazilian border.

OBJECTIVES: to understand the determinants involved in the mental suffering of schoolchildren on the French-Brazilian border. METHODS: a qualitative study was conducted with children from 6 to 12 years of age from four State schools in the municipality of Oiapoque, located on the French-Brazilian border. The data were obtained through interviews, analyzed by the IRAMUTEQ software, and interpreted in the light of the Dahlgren and Whitehead's social determinants of health model. RESULTS: data indicate that the mental suffering experienced by children, especially characterized by anxious symptoms, such as concern of becoming fat and worries, were permeated by social situations that children went through daily, such as family abandonment, domestic violence, and bullying. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: social determinants can be predictors of mental suffering in children, especially in environments of extreme vulnerability, such as the border, in a context of financial difficulties, domestic violence, and absence of parenting.

REAC neurobiological treatments in acute post-traumatic knee medial collateral ligament lesion.

OBJECTIVE: Physical traumas can lead to unconscious neuropsychical alterations, which can compromise rehabilitation result and functional recovery. Aim of this interventional study is to verify if neurobiological Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer (REAC) treatments Neuro Postural Optimization (NPO) and Tissue Optimization (TO) are able respectively to improve neuro psychomotor strategies and facilitate recovery process in medial collateral ligaments (MCL) lesions of the knee. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 45 healthy subjects, 32 males and 13 females, with knee MCL lesion, diagnosed with MRI or ultrasound. Within 4 days after the trauma, subjects were clinically evaluated (T0), both through medical and subjective assessments. Clinical evaluation was repeated after the REAC NPO treatment (T1) and at the end of 18 REAC TO treatments (T2) and at the 30 days follow-up (T3). RESULTS: In comparison with the results commonly found in clinical practice, all REAC treated patients recovered much faster. They reported functional recovery, pain relief and joint stability, regardless of the severity of the lesion. CONCLUSION: The combined use of REAC NPO and TO can envisage a new rehabilitative approach, which aims not only at recovering the outcomes of the physical trauma, but also at improving the neuropsychical state that can condition the rehabilitation result.

Sofrimento moral de profissionais de enfermagem em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial / Moral Distress of Nursing Professionals of a Psychosocial Care Center

Resumo O sofrimento moral (SM) é vivenciado por uma pessoa e decorrente da contradição existente entre suas ações e convicções. O objetivo foi analisar o sofrimento moral vivenciado pelos profissionais de enfermagem que atuam no CAPS, bem como descrever e identificar os sentimentos decorrentes do SM e mecanismos de enfrentamento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, na qual foi utilizado o método de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Participaram da pesquisa sete profissionais de ambos os turnos de funcionamento do CAPS. Na análise temática de conteúdo das falas desses profissionais, emergiram quatro categorias: Ambiente, como fonte de sofrimento moral; Escassez de financiamento e improvisos; Sentimentos que emergiram das vivências de Sofrimento Moral; e Mecanismos de Enfrentamento dos profissionais. Neste estudo observou-se que os profissionais do CAPS Gentileza de Macapá vivenciam o SM em seu cotidiano, associado às questões do ambiente estrutural e insuficiência de recursos (humanos e materiais), que resultaram em sentimentos de impotência, desânimo, desmotivação e luta. Esse SM fez com que os profissionais pudessem construir mecanismos de enfrentamento, dentre eles o diálogo e o compartilhamento das angústias com a equipe.

Abstract Moral Distress (MD) is experienced by individuals from the contradiction existing between their actions and convictions. This study aimed to analyze the moral distress experienced by nursing professionals working at the CAPS and to describe and identify the feelings resulting from MD and coping mechanisms. This is a qualitative research that adopted the Bardin Content Analysis method. Seven Nursing professionals of both CAPS shifts participated in the research. Four categories emerged from the thematic analysis of the statements of these professionals, as follows: Environment as a source of moral distress; Shortage of funding and improvisations; Feelings that emerged from the experiences of Moral Distress and Coping Mechanisms of professionals. In this study, we observed that Macapá's Gentileza CAPS professionals experience MD in their daily life, associated with structural environment issues and insufficient (human and material) resources that resulted in feelings of helplessness, discouragement, demotivation, and struggle. This MD allowed these professionals to build coping mechanisms against moral distress, such as dialogue and sharing anguish with the team.

Moral Distress of Nursing Professionals of a Psychosocial Care Center. / Sofrimento moral de profissionais de enfermagem em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial.

Moral Distress (MD) is experienced by individuals from the contradiction existing between their actions and convictions. This study aimed to analyze the moral distress experienced by nursing professionals working at the CAPS and to describe and identify the feelings resulting from MD and coping mechanisms. This is a qualitative research that adopted the Bardin Content Analysis method. Seven Nursing professionals of both CAPS shifts participated in the research. Four categories emerged from the thematic analysis of the statements of these professionals, as follows: Environment as a source of moral distress; Shortage of funding and improvisations; Feelings that emerged from the experiences of Moral Distress and Coping Mechanisms of professionals. In this study, we observed that Macapá's Gentileza CAPS professionals experience MD in their daily life, associated with structural environment issues and insufficient (human and material) resources that resulted in feelings of helplessness, discouragement, demotivation, and struggle. This MD allowed these professionals to build coping mechanisms against moral distress, such as dialogue and sharing anguish with the team.

O sofrimento moral (SM) é vivenciado por uma pessoa e decorrente da contradição existente entre suas ações e convicções. O objetivo foi analisar o sofrimento moral vivenciado pelos profissionais de enfermagem que atuam no CAPS, bem como descrever e identificar os sentimentos decorrentes do SM e mecanismos de enfrentamento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, na qual foi utilizado o método de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Participaram da pesquisa sete profissionais de ambos os turnos de funcionamento do CAPS. Na análise temática de conteúdo das falas desses profissionais, emergiram quatro categorias: Ambiente, como fonte de sofrimento moral; Escassez de financiamento e improvisos; Sentimentos que emergiram das vivências de Sofrimento Moral; e Mecanismos de Enfrentamento dos profissionais. Neste estudo observou-se que os profissionais do CAPS Gentileza de Macapá vivenciam o SM em seu cotidiano, associado às questões do ambiente estrutural e insuficiência de recursos (humanos e materiais), que resultaram em sentimentos de impotência, desânimo, desmotivação e luta. Esse SM fez com que os profissionais pudessem construir mecanismos de enfrentamento, dentre eles o diálogo e o compartilhamento das angústias com a equipe.

Validação de conteúdo e aparência de manual educativo para promoção da saúde mental infantil / Validation of content and appearance of an educational manual to promote children's mental health

RESUMO Objetivo validar o conteúdo e a aparência de um manual educativo para promoção da saúde mental infantil. Métodos trata-se de estudo metodológico, do qual participaram 16 especialistas (profissionais da saúde e educação) e seis do público-alvo (enfermeiros). O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo e o Índice de Concordância foram calculados conforme resposta ao instrumento, que avaliava objetivos, aparência, estrutura, organização, relevância e didática do manual. Resultados o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo foi de 0,984 para o público-alvo, e o Índice de Concordância foi de 100,0%. As principais modificações foram no título, nos objetivos e no referencial teórico, com exclusão de oficinas e revisão ortográfica e gramatical. Conclusão o manual apresentou Índices de Validade de Conteúdo e de Concordância satisfatórios. Ele pode auxiliar o enfermeiro e demais profissionais da saúde na promoção da saúde mental de crianças, difundindo o desenvolvimento da inteligência emocional.

ABSTRACT Objective to validate the content and appearance of an educational manual to promote children's mental health. Methods this is a methodological study, in which 16 specialists (health and education professionals) and six of the target audience (nurses) participated. The Content Validity Index and the Agreement Index were calculated according to the response to the instrument, which assessed the objectives, appearance, structure, organization, relevance and didactics of the manual. Results the Content Validity Index was 0.984 for the target audience, and the Agreement Index was 100.0%. The main changes were in the title, objectives and theoretical framework, excluding workshops and spelling and grammatical revision. Conclusion the manual presented satisfactory Content Validity and Agreement indexes. It can assist nurses and other health professionals in promoting children's mental health, promoting the development of emotional intelligence.

Radio electric asymmetric conveyer neuromodulation in depression, anxiety, and stress.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of specific neuromodulation treatments performed with radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) technology in the treatment of the symptomatic triad depression, anxiety, and stress by the use of a specific psychometric test such as the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-42 items (DASS-42) version, which assesses simultaneously the severity of expression of this triad. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The design of this study was planned to compare two populations that performed DASS-42 test twice within a similar period of time. The first population performed the first DASS test before the treatment and the second test about 3 months later, at the end of two specific REAC neuromodulation treatments, neuropostural optimization (NPO) and neuropsychophysical optimization (NPPO), that have previously shown an efficacy in the treatment of depression, anxiety and stress. The second population (untreated), used as the randomized control group, consisted of a similar group by gender and age, who performed the DASS-42 test in an online platform twice, with an interval of about 3 months between the first and second tests, similar to the interval between the two tests in the treated group. RESULTS: The comparison between the treated group and the control group points out the REAC treatment efficacy in improving the quality of life. At the second DASS-42 test, self-administered about 3 months after the treatments, treated patients were positioned on average values of much milder severity in all the three clusters, depression, anxiety, and stress, while in untreated patients there was no significant difference between the mean values of the first and second DASS tests. CONCLUSION: The results obtained in this study, evaluated with the DASS-42 test, confirm that REAC-NPO and REAC-NPPO neuromodulation treatments can be useful tools for the clinical treatment of depression, anxiety, and stress, as already proven by previous results evaluated with different psychometric tests.

Street clinic: the care practices with users of alcohol and other drugs in Macapá / Consultorio en la calle: las prácticas de cuidado con usuarios de alcohol y otras drogas en Macapá / Consultório na rua: as práticas de cuidado com usuários de álcool e outras drogas em Macapá

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the care practices of professionals from the Street Clinic team (SCt) about the care provided to users of alcohol and other drugs in Macapá, capital city of the state of Amapá. Method: Descriptive, qualitative study, carried out between April and June 2017. Ten SCt professionals participated. Five guiding questions were used for data collection, later analyzed through Bardin's Thematic Content Analysis. Results: Facilitating care strategies involved harm reduction, teamwork, creating the link with users, team commitment and partnership with other members of the Psychosocial Care Network (PSCN). Of the factors that make care difficult, are the deficit of self-care, structural and human resources, and prejudice. Conclusion: Professionals are aware of the purpose and importance of SCt in strengthening PSCN. Conclusion: When conducting a practice based on public policies, care for the street population is facilitated.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar prácticas asistenciales de profesionales del equipo del Consultorio en la Calle (eCC) sobre el cuidado prestado a usuarios de alcohol y otras drogas en Macapá-AP. Método: Estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, realizado entre abril y junio de 2017. Participaron diez profesionales de los eCC. Se utilizaron cinco preguntas orientadoras para la recolección de datos, posteriormente analizados a través del Análisis de Contenido Temático Categorial de Bardin. Resultados: Las estrategias facilitadoras del cuidado involucraron reducción de daños, trabajo del equipo, creación de vínculo con usuarios, compromiso del equipo y asociación con los demás elementos de la Red de Atención Psicosocial (RAPS). Factores que dificultan el cuidado: déficit de autocuidado, estructural y de recursos humanos, y prejuicio. Conclusión: Profesionales tienen conocimiento de la finalidad e importancia del eCC en el fortalecimiento de la RAPS. Conclusión: Al realizar una práctica basada en políticas públicas, el cuidado a la población callejera es facilitado.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar práticas assistenciais de profissionais da equipe do Consultório na Rua (eCR) sobre o cuidado prestado aos usuários de álcool e outras drogas em Macapá-AP. Método: Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado entre abril e junho de 2017. Participaram dez profissionais das eCR. Utilizaram-se cinco questões norteadoras para a coleta de dados, posteriormente analisados através da Análise de Conteúdo Temático Categorial de Bardin. Resultados: As estratégias facilitadoras do cuidado envolveram redução de danos, trabalho da equipe, criação do vínculo com os usuários, compromisso da equipe e parceria com os demais elementos da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS). Dos fatores que dificultam o cuidado, estão o déficit de autocuidado, estrutural e de recursos humanos, e o preconceito. Conclusão: Os profissionais possuem conhecimento da finalidade e importância da eCR no fortalecimento da RAPS. Conclusão: Ao realizar uma prática baseada nas políticas públicas, o cuidado à população de rua é facilitado.

Primeiro consumo de álcool entre escolares da periferia de São Paulo: frequência e forma de introdução / First alcohol consumption between schools of the periphery of São Paulo: frequency and form of introduction

Objetivo: Identificar a frequência de crianças de escola da periferia de São Paulo que já consumiram bebida alcoólica, e a forma de introdução. Metodologia: Estudo realizado com 201 crianças de 6 a 12 anos de uma escola da periferia de São Paulo. Foi pedido que respondessem à afirmação “Tomo bebida alcóolica”. Em caso de resposta positiva, perguntou-se: onde, quando e por quem a bebida foi introduzida pela primeira vez. Resultados: 9,0% já haviam consumido bebida alcoólica alguma vez na vida. Dentre essas, 52,9% referiram que algum familiar, os pais em maioria, a ofereceu pela primeira vez. 23,5% relataram terem feito o primeiro uso escondido dos pais, e sozinhos. Conclusão: Há uma convergência de que o primeiro contato ocorreu na casa de familiares, durante algum tipo de festa. O consumo de bebidas alcoólicas em situações festivas é algo presente em muitas famílias brasileiras, expondo as crianças precocemente ao contato com essa bebida.

Objective: Identify the frequency of children from a school of the outskirts of São Paulo who have already consumed alcohol, and the way of introduction. Methodology: This study was carried out with 201 children aged 6 to 12 from a school in the outskirts of São Paulo. They were asked to respond to the statement “I drink alcohol”. In the case of a positive answer, the researcher asked: where, when and by whom the drink was first introduced.. Results: 9.0% had ever consumed alcoholic beverages in their lifetime. Of these, 52.9% reported that a relative, mostly the parents, offered it for the first time; 23.5% reported having made their first use hide from parents, and alone. Conclusion: There is a convergence of the first contact occurred in the home of relatives during some kind of party. The consumption of alcoholic beverages in festive situations is something present in many Brazilian families, exposing them early to contact with this drink.

Objetivo: Identificar la frecuencia de niños de escuela de la periferia de São Paulo que ya consumieron bebida alcohólica, y la forma de introducción. Metodología: Estudio realizado con 201 niños de 6 a 12 años de una escuela de la periferia de São Paulo. Se le pidió que respondieran a la afirmación “Tomo bebida alcohólica”. En caso de respuesta positiva, se preguntó: donde, cuando y por quien la bebida fue introducida por primera vez. Resultados: 9,0% ya habían consumido una bebida alcohólica alguna vez en la vida. Entre ellas, 52,9% mencionó que algún familiar, en su mayoría los padres, lo ofreció por primera vez. 23,5% relató haber hecho el primer uso escondido de los padres y solos. Conclusión: Hay una convergencia de que el primer contacto se dio en la casa de familiares, durante algún tipo de fiesta. El consumo de bebidas alcohólicas en situaciones festivas es algo presente en muchas familias brasileñas, exponiéndolas precozmente al contacto con esa bebida.

Ombudsman's experience in Psychosocial Care Centers for alcohol/drugs.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to analyze criticisms, compliments and suggestions of users, family and workers, placed in an Ombudsman of a Centro de Atenção Psicossocial para Álcool e outras Drogas (Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Other Drugs- CAPS ad). METHOD: A study carried out in the CAPS ad of Macapá-AP from August to December 2016, through the thematic content analysis of the files deposited in the ombudsman, recently introduced in the service, containing criticisms, compliments and suggestions from users, family members, and CAPS ad. RESULTS: It was observed the dissatisfaction with the infrastructure of the CAPS ad, and with the relationships built between users and professionals, in addition, suggestions were given of workshops, and improvement in the development of the Projeto Terapêutico Singular (freely translated as Unique Therapeutic Project). FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: It is concluded that the multidisciplinary team needs to put in practice the real psychosocial care in the service, and that the management helps in the improvement of the service's place, and in the proposal of qualifications to this team.